- Jewish population
- about 140,000
- Deported
- about 107,000
Occupation and registration
German authorities used population registration and administrative institutions to isolate Jews.
Westerbork
The Jewish Council operated under coercion, while Westerbork became the principal transit camp for deportations east.
Deportation
About 107,000 Jews were deported, principally to Auschwitz-Birkenau and Sobibór; roughly 5,000 deportees returned.
Hiding and rescue
Thousands survived in hiding through resistance networks, child rescue and individual helpers.
Interpreting survival
Returned deportees are not the same category as all Dutch Jewish survivors, who also included people who survived in hiding or elsewhere.
Sources
This page draws on the institutional sources listed below.