Jewish Amsterdam: Occupation, Hiding and Deportation

Amsterdam’s Portuguese Sephardic and Ashkenazi communities, together with refugees from Germany, were subjected to registration, isolation, transit through Westerbork and mass deportation.

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Before occupation

The city contained Portuguese Sephardic institutions, Ashkenazi communities, a historic Jewish Quarter and refugees from Germany.

Registration

German authorities used administrative registration and the Jewish Council to isolate the community.

Transit and deportation

The Hollandsche Schouwburg functioned as an assembly point and Westerbork as the main transit camp.

Hiding and memory

Hiding networks saved thousands; Anne Frank is one important story but does not represent the whole city.

Sources

This page draws on the institutional sources listed below.

Yad Vashem
USHMM
Arolsen Archives